However, this forward flow of current can be reversed if the voltage surpasses a specific value which is known as the breakdown or Zener voltage. Here, in this circuit the input voltage V i is regulated at a constant voltage, V z (Zener voltage) at the output represented as V 0 using a Zener diode. The DC output voltage remains constant when the input varies within the limits as the voltage regulator is used. In a DC circuit, Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator or to provide voltage reference. When the input voltage is less than the breakdown voltage (V z), very small current flows through the diode and the whole input appears across the output terminals. (ii)Explain with the help of a circuit diagram, the use of a Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Principle of zener diode. This video is highly rated by Class 12 students and has been viewed 628 times. Hence, V. Draw the Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit Diagram. This is how zener diode is used as voltage regulator. Before you discuss how this diode can be used as a voltage regulator, you must know what a voltage regulator is. Here, look at the schematic symbol and appearance of a Zener diode. Feedback. Simulator. A 4V7 zener diode is used as a voltage regulator as shown in the diagram below. Zener Diode as a voltage. Pro Lite, Vedantu 1. The circuit is wired up as shown in the figure. You will be able to get in-depth knowledge of the concept with these study notes prepared by our expert teachers. The Zener diode specially made to have a reverse voltage breakdown at a specific voltage. In the reverse bias condition the Zener diode is an open circuit and only a small leakage current is flowing as shown on the exaggerated plot. To keep the output voltage constant at the desired value in spite of variations in the supply voltage. Voltage Regulator Using Zener Diode Physics Astronomy Project Topics, Physics Science Fair Projects, Pyhsical Science, Astrology, Planets Solar Experiments for Kids and also Organics Physics Science ideas for CBSE, ICSE, GCSE, Middleschool, Elementary School for 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and High School Students for the year 2016. 2. Theory. It is a special purpose diode, named after the inventor C. Zener; It is designed to operate under reverse bias in the breakdown region ; The symbol for Zener diode is . Viva Voce. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. However, the Zener Diode or Breakdown Diode, as they are sometimes referred too, are basically the same as the standard PN junction diode but they are specially designed to have a low and specified Reverse Breakdown Voltage which takes advantage of any reverse voltage applied to it. This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. We do not use ordinary junction diode because the low power rating diode can get damaged when we apply reverse bias above its breakdown voltage. Why is zener diode used as a voltage regulator? However, this would not be possible with a standard diode. Chapter: 11th 12th std standard Class Physics sciense Higher secondary school College Notes | Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail | Posted On : 14.03.2016 05:16 am . Theory. The image depicts a current versus voltage graph. The action of the circuit can be explained as given below: Load current varies, the input voltage is constant: Let us consider that the load current increases. 3 Zener diode applications. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. The unregulated voltage is connected through a potential divider arrangement using the rheostat. Here, the output voltage is balanced even if there is fluctuation in voltage supply. Simulator. This circuit provides safety for the equipment connected at the terminals. Since the input voltage and the required output voltage is known, it is easier to choose a Zener diode with a voltage approximately equal to the load voltage, i.e. By controlling the doping level, the breakdown region can be set during the manufacturing of the diode. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. It works in such a way the reverse-biased can also work in breakdown conditions. Minimum reverse current is required for voltage regulation to keep diode in the breakdown region. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. Ans. In this experiment, a voltage versus current graph is drawn, which shows the forward and reverse bias given to the diode. Zener Diode Voltage Regulators S Bharadwaj Reddy June 3, 2017 December 12, 2018 Zener Diodes can be used to produce a stabilised voltage output with low ripple under varying load current conditions. Similarly, the current through the diode decreases when the voltage across the diode tends to decrease. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! A voltage regulator is a device that regulates the voltage level. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. Feedback Cite this Simulator: Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham & CDAC Mumbai. Because of this sudden rise in electric current, breakdown occurs called zener … In ‘on’ state , the voltage across zener diode remains constant until the voltage across it deops less than VZ . 3(b) to charge a rechargeable battery of voltage V8 = 10V. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. Furthermore, you must refer to the image below to see how Zener diode can be used as voltage regulator. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. The resistance box is connected as load across the zener diode and the regulated voltage across it is measured using the multimeter. In spite of changes in the load current or in the input voltage, the Zener diode maintains a constant voltage across the load. The output voltage of regulator system is fixed as the zener knee voltage of the zener diode and can be used in power devices requiring a fixed voltage of firm value. As Voltage Regulator In a DC circuit, Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator or to provide voltage reference. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! Additionally, the voltage drop across the diode remains constant over a wide range of voltages, a feature that makes Zener diodes suitable for use in voltage regulation. Furthermore, choosing a Zener diode becomes easy as the required output voltage and the input voltage is known from the beginning. At this point, a small increase in reverse voltage will rapidly increases the electric current. 33 6.34 12.9 34 6.35 14.7 35 6.36 19.7 36 6.367 20.7 On plotting V vs I graph, we get the following: 3. regulation is to be made. This is how zener diode is used as voltage regulator. As the zener diode is connected parallel to the load the voltage across the load will be always equal to the zener voltage. Function of Zener Diode in Voltage Regulator Abstract The strength property which we use may not be capable to grant us normal voltage. (iii)A photo diode is operated under reverse bias although in the forward bias, the current is known to be more than the current in the reverse bias. Science Class 12 Physics (India) Semiconductors Zener diode. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator. [HOTS; Foreign 2010] Ans. This is a circuit diagram of a Zener diode used as a voltage regulator. when the voltage across the zener diode exceeds its zener voltage rating VZ) . Video. Over voltage protection is done by using Zener diodes because there is current flowing through the diode after the reverse bias voltage exceeds a certain voltage . Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. Materials required: Battery; Rheostat; Small resistance (200 Ω) Milliammeter; Voltmeter; Key; Zener diode; Real Lab Procedure: Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram. This semiconductor is manufactured in a wide variety of voltages and powers. Hence, it acts as a voltage regulator. A Zener diode working in the breakdown region can act as voltage regulator. The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve … Design for an op-amp voltage regulator circuit to drive a load of 6V,1.2W from an Input supply of 12V with a ±2V ripple voltage, using a 3V zener diode. Fabrication – It has heavily doped p- side and n-side. Zener diode as voltage regulator. Zener diode operation The Zener diode operates just like the normal diode when in the forward-bias mode, and has a turn-on voltage of between 0.3 and 0.7 V. Click here to visit the playlist on this chapter By designing the regulator here means to find the values of VZ and R. Since the load voltage is to be maintained at 12 V, we will use a zener diode of zener voltage 12 V i.e., The voltage across R is to remain constant at 16 − 12 = 4 V as the load current changes from 0 to 200 mA. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator In Zener diode, there is a conventional current flow from anode to cathode. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Now lets solve an example problem that illustrates the Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. How Zener Diode Act as a Voltage Regulator? Subsequently, a P-N junction silicon semiconductor is used to make Zener diode regulator instead of any ordinary junction diode. Funded by MeitY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology) English हिंदी മലയാളം मराठी . Its property of breakdown voltage which we have discussed earlier plays a key role in voltage regulation. The experiment shows that in both conditions, it acts as a voltage regulator as it allows current to flow without showing any fluctuation in output voltage. Zener diode is used as Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. The exciting part of this diode is that we can choose the Zener diode with a suitable breakdown voltage to work as a voltage regulator in our circuit. Resources. CO-ED SCHOOL KOLAR ROAD BHOAPL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PROJECT REPORT INVESTIGATORYPROJECT ON PN JUNCTION AND DIODES PROJECT REPORT Submitted by Govind Patel Submitted to Mrs Ratna Hajela … A zener diode is a diode that breaks down at a specific voltage when it is reverse biased. The semiconducting silicon material used in the zener diode as voltage regulator experiment helps it function in the forward as well as reverse voltages without breakdown. The Figure shows the fuction of zener diode as voltage regulator.The diode is selected in such a way that its breakdown voltage is equal to the desired output voltage. Zener diode is specifically designed for this purpose. Characteristics. To maintain a constant voltage across the load, even if the input voltage or load current varies, voltage. The maximum power rating P Z of the Zener diode is 2 W. Using the circuit above, calculate 1. Assume that the transformer primary to secondary coils turns ratio is N: N2 = 16:1. A Zener diode is used to get constant DC voltage from a DC unregulated output of a rectifier. Zener Diode as a voltage regulator. When connected in reverse bias in series with a current limiting resistor, the voltage across the zener diode remains constant as long as a certain minimum current flows through it. Zener diode & Zener breakdown . As Voltage Regulator 12. Refer to the voltage reference circuit to set the resistance R 1. This may moreover have an effect on the proper functioning of the digital tool. This video is extremely helpful for understanding the basic concepts of zener diode, how it works and how it is used as a voltage regulator. A 5 V stabilized power supply is required to be produced from a 12 V DC power supply input source. Let’s take the value of R 2 as 1kΩ. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. 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Explain, giving reason. Displacement As Function Of Time and Periodic Function, Issuing Debentures as Collateral Security, A Little Knowledge is a Dangerous Thing Essay, Vedantu I clamped the voltage of the transformer with a 12 volt zener diode and the crosstalk problem disappeared. In this Physics video in Hindi for class 12 we explained, with diagram, how Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. The voltage drop across R L is 12 V, V in has values between 20 V and 35 V. The minimum current through R Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. The voltage difference between the input voltage V S and V Z will be dropped across the resistance R. Video. It maintains a constant output voltage even when input voltage V i or load current I L varies. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. Hence, VZ = VL. Zener Diode is Designed to Function in Which Region Without Having Any Damage? For example a 3.6V volt Zener Diode has breakdown voltage at 3.6V i.e. Sorry!, This page is not available for now to bookmark. Mit Zenerdioden kann ein stabilisierter Spannungsausgang mit geringer Restwelligkeit bei wechselnden Laststrombedingungen erzeugt werden. Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a p-n junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. Zener Diode. CO-ED SCHOOL BHOPAL MOTHER TERESA SR. SEC. But when it is reverse biased above a certain voltage known as zener breakdown voltage or zener voltage or avalanche point or zener knee voltage the voltage remains constant for a wide range of current.. Clarence Zener is the scientist who discovered this electrical property and the device is … As the breakdown voltage is appro… Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve X-axis and reverse current along –ve Y-axis. Vedantu academic counsellor will be calling you shortly for your Online Counselling session. 6 Result The breakdown potential, also called the zener potential i.e V z ≈ 6.30V. Pro Lite, Vedantu Further, the application of reverse voltage on the Zener diode ensures that the voltage remains constant for a significant range of current. Read more to learn about the Zener diode as a voltage regulator, uses of a Zener diode, and how it is used as a voltage regulator with BYJU’S engaging videos. After it attains a voltage VZ, there is unrestricted current flow in the system. Procedure . Zener diode voltage regulator circuit. 5. Zener diode is used as a Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. When the Zener diode is given reverse bias feedback, there is a small leakage current until it attains the breakdown voltage or a constant voltage. 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